Nccer, introduction to solar photovoltaics tg module pearson. Lecture 3 types of solar cells experiment 3 generations. Solar photovoltaic lecture view a minilecture on the basics of solarphotovoltaic power given by tim wilhelm, an expert in solarphotovoltaic, solar thermal, and small wind energy systems. The background is a light color, so printing black. Thinner crystalline silicon cells are under development, but must be provided with the discussed optical properties, resulting in increased. The planets appeared to wander around other objects. Lecture 6 solar radiation part 2 principles notes 2014. Lecture 3 types of solar cells experiment 3 generations generation 1. At the regions of cell contact, the membranes make junctions so structured as to form effective passageways between cells, where. Layers in the solar cell organic and polymer solar cells. A solar cell is an example of a photovoltaic device, i. The cell can be considered as a two terminal device which conducts like a diode in the dark and generates a photovoltage when charged by the sun.
Mit opencourseware makes the materials used in the teaching of almost all of mits subjects available on the web, free of charge. We then apply a few finer electrodes on the top of the ptype semiconductor layer these electrodes do not obstruct light to reach the thin ptype layer. Since the voltage is too small for most applications, to produce a useful voltage, the cells are connected in series into. Be able to identify the different steps in the theory behind the solar cells be able to measure the efficiency of a solar cell be able to describe the different layers in the solar cell and understand their function be ready to argue for different applications of the solar cells. Sunlight enters the cell through the transparent sno 2. Stand alone systems, concept of microgrid and its components, hybrid systems hybrid with diesel, with fuel cell, solarwind, wind hydro systems, mode controller, load sharing, system sizing. To describe the theory for the origin of the solar wind, and to introduce some. Earth science, 11e touring our solar system chapter 22. An example of such a material is an ntype semiconductor, in which a large electron conductivity with respect to the. Covers the basic concepts of pv systems and their components, along with general sizing and electricalmechanical design. As shown in the given diagram the solar cell is like an ordinary diode.
Cells are small and in almost all situations a microscope is needed to observe them and their subcellular components. Hence, insulators possess virtually no freely moving electrons. Liou 2002 an introduction to atmospheric radiation, chapter 1, 2 s. When a photon hits silicon, it will sometimes release an electron. Students learn about renewable energy sources, namely the direct conversion of solar radiation into electricity using solar cells. Chapter 6 the solar system university of texas at austin. This is the reason why a detailed understanding of the dark characteristic of a solar cell is essential for obtaining a good efficiency. Students understand the principles of the photovoltaic conversion and learn about the advantages and limitations of different solar cell technologies, such as crystalline silicon solar cell technology and thin film solar cell technologies. Nov 07, 2014 lecture 10 of fundamentals of photovoltaics course, delivered by prof. Solar photovoltaic lecture kankakee community college. Images used in lectures will be provided as downloaded pdf files via. I biology i lecture outline 5 the cell dyersburg state community.
The cell theory states that all living organisms are made of one or more cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function, and cells come. The background is a light color, so printing black and white or grayscale should go easy on the ink. Cells in many organs and tissues form interconnected systems. Silicon, like the silicon found in a computer chip, is a common semiconductor in a photovoltaic cell. Conventional pn junction photovoltaic cell hot charge carriers e hole loses. Find materials for this course in the pages linked along the left. Lecture notes click on the topic of interest to go directly there, or scroll down through all of the topics. The solar cell traps all the electrons released by the silicon and pushes them in one direction, which creates an electric current. There is geological evidence of cellular life over the last 2 billion years on earth. Introduction to organic solar cells dr chris fell solar group leader csiro energy technology, newcastle, australia.
Please see lecture video for example images of each type of solar panel. An electrochemical cell fuel cell or battery cell, however, can directly convert the chemical energy of a fuel into electricity. Moon, stars, mercury, venus, mars, jupiter, saturn, comets, and meteors. Table of contents solar energy 1 energy from the sun 1 early solar energy commercial adaption 3 applications of solar technology 3 architecture and urban planning 4. Overview of the solar system solar system includes sun nine planets and their satellites asteroids comets meteoroids. Sustainable energy science and engineering center the solar cell is the basic building block of solar photovoltaics. Utilizing nanotechnology in inexpensive solar cell would help to preserve the environment. Introduction to fundamentals of photovoltaics lecture1 introduction. Questions on the solar system funnily turn up in both geography and science. This introduction to solar cells covers the basics of pn junctions, optical absorption, and iv characteristics.
Nanotechnology has already shown huge breakthroughs in the solar field. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. A solar cell is basically a junction diode, although its construction it is little bit different from conventional pn junction diodes. Ch4 solar cell operational principles tu delft ocw. Equation 1 is only an idealized description of a solar cell. The light energy, in the form of photons, supplies sufficient energy to the junction to create a number of electronhole pairs. Lecture outlines powerpoint chapter 22 tarbucklutgens. Lecture notes on renewable energy sources subject code. Pv basics, which roughly covers the topics covered in part ii on pv fundamentals. Ken durose, nov 7 2014 slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Introduction to photovoltaic solar energy miro zeman delft university of technology 1. These particles are then free to move out into the interplanetary medium, and with a continuous supply of en. Lecture notes prepared by mike foster spring 2007 solar radiation sources. Measurements of sunlight, orthogonal to the solar beam rarely exceed 75% of the solar constant.
Lecture 5, solar radiation, part 1, principles instructor. Sep 01, 2011 this introduction to solar cells covers the basics of pn junctions, optical absorption, and iv characteristics. Whether the first cells formed directly from some primordial soup. Nanostructured cells including multicarrier per photon cells, quantum dot and quantum confined cells. It aims to promote the expansion of solar photovoltaics from relatively small and specialized use to. Lecture notes for methods in cell biology tulane university. Although these solar cells may appear to be quite different from solar cells mad. We use cookies to offer you a better experience, personalize content, tailor advertising, provide social media features, and better understand the use of our services. F top contact, striking the dye on the surface of the tio 2. Lecture notes fundamentals of photovoltaics mechanical. An introduction, chapter 3 the sun nearly all of the energy that the earth receives and that drives the ocean and atmosphere. Solar system gk notes in pdf our little corner of the universe is called the solar system. Twotemperature modeling results 500 500 phonon dashed lines.
Formation of the solar wind aims, learning outcomes, and overview aim. Axial device design cell structures lateral device design modules division of molecular and health technologies melbourne. I sc p in p in is the incident light power efficiency is defined as the ratio of output power from the solar cell to input power from the sun. Dennis baldocchi professor of biometeorology ecosystem science division department of environmental science, policy and management 345 hilgard hall university of california, berkeley berkeley, ca 94720 september 12, 2014 this set of lectures will discuss a. We do not know what energy exactly is, we use this term to describe a. Solar cells made of these materials can thus have a thickness clearly below 10. For each lecture, the powerpoint file is available, along with a fullcolor 4slideperpage pdf version. Single and polycrystalline silicon growth, impurity diffusion, contacts. With more than 2,200 courses available, ocw is delivering on the promise of open sharing of knowledge.
Professor wilhelm is the program coordinator and professor for the electrical technology program at kcc, which includes the following training areas. Introduction to cellular and molecular biologycontemporary biology ii. When light reaches the pn junction, the light photons can easily enter in the junction, through very thin ptype layer. Solar system has 165 moons, one star, eight planets added uranus and neptune, eight asteroids and more than 100 kuiper belt objects more than 300 km in diameter, smaller asteroids, comets, and meteoroids 6. It consist of silicon, germanium pn junction with a glass windows on the top surface layer of ptype, the ptype material is made very thin and wide so that the. It aims to promote the expansion of solar photovoltaics from relatively small and specialized use to a largescale contribution to energy supply. You can find a few questions on the solar system in many competitive recruitment exams like railways rrb, ssc cgl, sbi po, sbi clerk, ibps clerk, and ibps po.
It consist of silicon, germanium pn junction with a glass windows on the top surface layer of ptype, the ptype material is made very thin and wide so that the incident light photon may easily reach to pn junction. Performance metrics such as efficiency, shortcircuit current, fill factor, and open. When charged by the sun, this basic unit generates a dc photovoltage of 0. Recent progress of spectrolab highefficiency space solar. Solar cells and nanotechnology by mike priaulx current solar power technology has little chance to compete with fossil fuels or large electric grids. Therefore, electrochemical cells create electricity chemically, rather than by combustion, at a higher efficiency at least in principle, because they are not subjected to ther. Solar cells contents 1 introduction 1 2 solar spectrum 2 3 solar cell working principle 3 4 solar cell iv characteristics 7 5 solar cell materials and e ciency 10 1 introduction solar cells and photodetectors are devices that convert an optical input into current. Photovoltaic solar energy conversion provides an introduction to the fundamental physical principles of solar cells. Sep 01, 2011 organic solar cells make use of lowcost organic polymers for photovoltaics. Solar cell characterization efficiency h p max p in ff. Lecture 10 of fundamentals of photovoltaics course, delivered by prof.
Recent progress of spectrolab highefficiency space solar cells. Understanding the currentvoltage characteristics of. Nobel lecture, 7 december 20 by james edward rothman. Fundamental properties of solar cells, principles and. Hybrid system economics, interface requirements, stable operation, transientsafety, operating limits of voltage, frequency. Working principles of solar and other energy conversion cells. Organic solar cells make use of lowcost organic polymers for photovoltaics.
Pnjunction diode when the junction is illuminated, a net current flow takes place in an external lead connecting the ptype and ntype. Nanotechnology might be able to increase the efficiency of solar cells, but the most promising application of nanotechnology is the reduction of manufacturing cost. Lecture outlines powerpoint chapter 22 earth science 11e tarbucklutgens. Solar cells are used on spaceships like the international space station pictured below, but are also used on earth in places that get lots of sunlight throughout the year.
Single and polycrystalline silicon growth, impurity diffusion, contacts modules, interconnection. Introduction to solar cells horizon energy curriculum. In the quasineutral regions the concentration of electrons and holes is the same as in the isolated doped semiconductors. The spectrum and intensity of the incident sunlight solar cell temperature. The solar cell is the basic building block of solar photovoltaics. Beers law is often used to evaluate the attenuation of monochromatic sunlight by the atmosphere rr mgg, exp 0 rg0 is the radiation flux density of an aerosol free atmosphere, is the turbidity coefficient or optical depth and m is mass of the air, computed as the secant of the solar. Eele408 photovoltaics solar cell operation lecture 23. In specialized cells, lignin further strengthens the cw. A very thin layer of ptype semiconductor is grown on a relatively thicker ntype semiconductor.
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